Cluster Heads Based IEEE 802.11P And LTE Hybrid Design for VANET Safety Message Dissemination

Abstract

Several VANET studies have been concentrated on the strategies supported by IEEE 802.11p which gives the definition for Wireless Access for vehicular Environments (WAVE), Whereas the networks using IEEE 802.11p causes the transmit storm and detached networks are main issues at more and less vehicle densities, it also degrade the latency and delivery ratio of safety message dissemination. Recently, an alternative to IEEE 802.11p based VANET, the utilization of cellular technologies has been discovered as a result of their low latency and broad communication. However, a pure cellular depending VANET communication isn't possible as a result of the high price of transmission between the vehicles and base stations, and high variety of disconnections occurs at the base station or road side unit (RSU) considering the high quality of the vehicles. This paper proposes a hybrid design, specifically VMaSC-LTE, combining IEEE 802.11p primarily based multi-hop bunch and fourth generation cellular system, long term Evolution (LTE), with the goal of achieving high information packet proportions and low delay whereas keeping the utilization of the cellular design at lowest level. In VMaSC-LTE, vehicles are clustered supported and completely unique approach named VMaSC: conveyance Multi-hop rule for Stable bunch. The characteristics of VMaSC are cluster head (CH) election utilizing the relative movability metric calculated because the average relative speed with reference to the neighboring vehicles, cluster reference to minimum overhead by introducing direct affiliation to the neighbor that's already a head or member of a cluster rather than linking to the cluster head in multiple hops, diffusing cluster member data inside periodic greeting packets, re-active cluster to take care of cluster structure while not excessive use of network resources, and economical size and hop restricted cluster merging mechanism depending on the exchange of the cluster data among the cluster heads. These characteristics decrease the quantity of cluster heads whereas increasing their stability and minimize the use of the cellular design. From the clustered topology, elected heads operate as dual-interface junction with the process of IEEE 802.11p and LTE interface to link VANET to LTE network. Utilization of different key metrics and including information packet delivery proportions, delay, managing overhead and cluster stability, we have a tendency to demonstrate superior functionality of the advanced design compared to each already proposed hybrid architectures and various routing mechanisms together with flooding and cluster depending routing via intensive simulations in ns-3 with the vehicle quality input from the Simulation of Urban quality (SUMO). The enhancing design conjointly permits achieving highly needed authenticity of the appliance quantified by the information packet delivery proportion at the price of LTE usage measured by the quantity of cluster heads within the network.