Changes in Technical Attempts According to Round Progression in No-Gi Jiu-Jitsu Sparring Assuming a Tournament

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to conduct 3 rounds of 5-minute high-intensity sparring assuming an actual game to find out the degree of use and the number of attempts of the five techniques used in tournament No-Gi Jiu-Jitsu competition. The subjects of the study were 8 male high school students (17.0±1.6 years) at the blue belt level who had more than 2 years of Jiu-Jitsu training experience and participated in competitions, and were randomly assigned to participate in the experiment. The research method is divided into 5 categories: Takedown(TA), Guard pass(GA), Sweep(SW), Mount(MO) and Submission(SU) according to the rule book of the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation. The subjects were classified, and video was taken to identify the number of attempts of the five techniques used during three rounds of 5 minutes. If the intention of surrender (tap-out) came out during the round, both fighters were trained in advance to return to the original (standing) position and continue sparring until the end of the remaining time. After the experiment was finished, the number of attempts for each technique was manually measured through the video footage taken, and recorded by a measurer qualified to judge a jiu-jitsu competition to increase reliability. Based on the measured data, descriptive statistics (frequency analysis) were used, and the techniques used between each round and the number of attempts were examined. The techniques used and the number of attempts during the three 5-minute rounds are as follows. However, since the type of technique used between rounds, the irregularity of trials, and the number of trials are different, it is judged that comparing the significant difference between rounds by the number of times can cause statistical errors. Therefore, it is judged appropriate to present the contribution (%) by converting the use of techniques and the number of attempts according to the progress of the round into a percentage(%). The technique types and contributions(%) used between each round are as follows.

First, In the contribution of technique type(%), guard pass showed the highest contribution(30%) in the 3 rounds total, and submission showed the second-highest contribution. Takedown was the third with 22%, Mount was the fourth with 15%, and Sweep was the lowest with 9%. Also, takedown in the 1st round, guard pass in the 2nd round, and contribution(%) in the submission technique in the 3rd round were the highest, and the change contribution(%) from the standing to the ground technique type was confirmed as the round progressed. Second, in the No-gi method, the takedown attempt of the stand technique type was dominant in the initial round. However, the attempts of ground technique type guard pass, submission, mount, and sweep gradually increased from 2nd to 3rd round. It would be unreasonable to infer the results of this study as the type and contribution of techniques used in the official No-gi Jiu-Jitsu tournament. However, based on the results of this study, it is judged that predicting the type and importance of techniques used in official tournament matches can be helpful in improving performance.