Robust Modified Flower Pollination Algorithm for Power Quality Enhancement in an Autonomous 31-Level Cascaded H-Bridge Photovoltaic Inverter with Partial Shading Conditions
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The effect of global warming and the scarcity of fossil fuels has created an enormous problem in today’s era. To overcome such a problem, renewable energy sources, particularly solar energy, play a crucial role in meeting the developing need for power. However, the design of the Solar Photovoltaic (PV) system is interrupted by various factors such as the effect of temperature, isolation, aging, partial shading conditions, etc. Among all the factors mentioned, partial shading results in the significant diminution of power. To address this shading effect and enhance the flexibility of the PV system in terms of better utilization and energy extraction, a 31-Level Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (CHB-MLI) has been implemented to the autonomous PV system comprising of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller, boost converter and variable loads in MATLAB/Simulink architecture. To track maximum power from PV during varying irradiance and temperature and to further improve the system performance in terms of better convergence speed, an MPPT system with a Modified Flower Pollination Algorithm (MFPA) based PID controller has been proposed in this paper. To justify the suggested approach, the is-landed PV system is led to variation in irradiance and load. A detailed comparison of the proposed MFPA technique with classical control techniques has been meticulously discussed. The results obtained indicate that the suggested MFPA tuned PID with MLI outperforms the conventional methods in better system stability, reduced harmonics, and enhanced capacity to track maximum power from the PV system. In addition to this, the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) has been found to verify IEEE-1547 power quality constraints. The values are found to be well within limits, thus justifying its real-time applications.
Article Details
References
F. Chien, H. W. Kamran, G. Albashar and W. Iqbal, "Dynamic planning, conversion, and management strategy of different renewable energy sources: a sustainable solution for severe energy crises in emerging economies," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 46, no. 11, pp. 7745-7758, 2021.
M. K. H. Rabaia,M. A. Abdelkareem, E. T. Sayed, K. Elsaid, K. J. Chae et al., "Environmental impacts of solar energy systems: A review," Science of The Total Environment, vol. 754, p. 141989, 2021.
M. A. Bakar Siddique, A. Asad, R. M. Asif, A. U. Rehman, M. T. Sadiqet al., "Implementation of Incremental Conductance MPPT Algorithm with Integral Regulator by Using Boost Converter in Grid-Connected PV Array," IETE Journal of Research, pp. 1-14, 2021.
O. A. Al-Shahri,F. B. Ismail, M. A. Hannan, M. H. Lipu, A. Q. Al-Shetwi et al., "Solar photovoltaic energy optimization methods, challenges and issues: A comprehensive review," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 284, p. 125465, 2021.
Vankadara, Sampath Kumar, et al. "Marine predator algorithm (MPA)-based MPPT technique for solar PV systems under partial shading conditions." Energies 15.17 (2022): 6172.
Chtita, Smail, et al. "A novel hybrid GWO–PSO-based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems operating under partial shading conditions." Scientific Reports 12.1 (2022): 1-15.
A. M. Eltamaly, H. M. Farh and A. G. Abokhalil, "A novel PSO strategy for improving dynamic change partial shading photovoltaic maximum power point tracker," Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, pp. 1-15, 2020.
A. K. Gopi, M. A. Kumar, J. Biswas and M. Barai, "An Optimized Hybrid PWM Strategy for Five level NPC VSI With Unequal DC-Links in a PV System," IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics, 2021.
A. Moradmand, M. Dorostian, A. Ramezani, A. Sajadi and B. Shafai, "Fault-tolerant control of inverter for the integration of solar PV under abnormal conditions," The Journal of Engineering, vol. 2020, no. 11, pp. 1112-1122, 2020.
S. Choudhury, M. Bajaj, T. Dash, S. Kamel and F. Jurado, "Multilevel Inverter: A Survey on Classical and Advanced Topologies, Control Schemes, Applications to Power System and Future Prospects," Energies, vol. 14, no. 18, p. 5773, 2021.
B. Yang,T. Zhu, J. Wang, H. Shu, T. Yu et al., "Comprehensive overview of maximum power point tracking algorithms of PV systems under partial shading condition," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 268, p. 121983, 2020.
M. Merai, M. W. Naouar, I. Slama-Belkhodja and E. Monmasson, "An adaptive PI controller design for DC-link voltage control of single-phase grid-connected converters," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 66, no. 8, pp. 6241-6249, 2018.
D. Mishra, P. C. Sahu, R. C. Prusty and S. Panda, "A fuzzy adaptive fractional order-PID controller for frequency control of an islanded microgrid under stochastic wind/solar uncertainties," International Journal of Ambient Energy, pp. 1-10, 2021.
S. Kakkar,T. Maity, R. K. Ahuja, P. Walde, R. K. Saket et al., "Design and Control of Grid-Connected PWM Rectifiers by Optimizing Fractional Order PI Controller Using Water Cycle Algorithm," IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 125941-125954, 2021.
A. Al-Ibadi, S. Nefti-Meziani and S. Davis, "Controlling of pneumatic muscle actuator systems by Parallel Structure of Neural Network and Proportional Controllers (PNNP)," Frontiers in Robotics and AI, vol. 7, p. 115, 2020.
S. Choudhury,S. K. Acharya, R. K. Khadanga, S. Mohanty, J. Arshad et al., "Harmonic Profile Enhancement of Grid Connected Fuel Cell through Cascaded H-Bridge Multi-Level Inverter and Improved Squirrel Search Optimization Technique," Energies, vol. 14, no. 23, p. 7947, 2021.
S. Choudhury and N. Khandelwal, "A Novel Weighted Superposition Attraction Algorithm-based Optimization Approach for State of Charge and Power Management of an Islanded System with Battery and SuperCapacitor-based Hybrid Energy Storage System," IETE Journal of Research, pp. 1-14, 2020.
J. Zhang, L. Li and Z. Chen, "Strength–redundancy allocation problem using artificial bee colony algorithm for multi-state systems," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 209, p. 107494, 2021.
S. Choudhury and T. Dash, "Modified brain storming optimization technique for transient stability improvement of SVC controller for a two machine system," World Journal of Engineering, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 841-850, 2021.
S. Das and K. Namrata, "Improving the Performance Analysis of MPPT Controller Unit of a PV Generation System Using Optimization Technique Based on Spider Monkey Principle (SMO)," Next Generation Materials and Processing Technologies: Springer, vol. 9, pp. 553-564, 2021.
S. Tang, M. Jiang, R. Abbassi and H. Jerbi, "A cost-oriented resource scheduling of a solar-powered microgrid by using the hybrid crow and pattern search algorithm," Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 313, p. 127853, 2021.
P. E. Mergos and X.-S. Yang, "Flower pollination algorithm parameters tuning," Soft Computing, vol. 25, no. 22, pp. 14429-14447, 2021.
M. Thakre and S. S. Sayali, "Stability and Total Harmonic Distortion Analysis with Performance of Grid-Tied PV Systems," 2020 International Conference on Power, Energy, Control and Transmission Systems (ICPECTS), pp. 1-6, 2020.
Rezazadeh, Sevda, et al. "Photovoltaic array reconfiguration under partial shading conditions for maximum power extraction: A state-of-the-art review and new solution method." Energy Conversion and Management 258 (2022): 115468.
L. G. K. Chai, L. Gopal, F. H. Juwono, C. W. Chiong, H.-C. Linget al., "A novel global MPPT technique using improved PS-FW algorithm for PV system under partial shading conditions," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 246, p. 114639, 2021.
A. Ali,K. Almutairi, M. Z. Malik, K. Irshad, V. Tirth et al., "Review of online and soft computing maximum power point tracking techniques under non-uniform solar irradiation conditions," Energies, vol. 13, no. 12, p. 3256, 2020.
K. Jagatheesan, B. Anand and S. Samanta, "Flower Pollination Algorithm Tuned PID Controller for Multi-source Interconnected Multi-area Power System," Applications of Flower Pollination Algorithm and its Variants, p. 221, 2021.
J. P. Ram, D. S. Pillai, A. M. Ghias and N. Rajasekar, "Performance enhancement of solar PV systems applying P&O assisted Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA)," Solar Energy, vol. 199, pp. 214-229, 2020.
W. Luo and X. Lin, "Recent advances in clonal selection algorithms and applications," 2017 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI), pp. 1-8, 2017.
A. Y. Hatata, M. G. Osman and M. M. Aladl, "A review of the clonal selection algorithm as an optimization method," Leonardo Journal of Sciences, vol. 16, no. 30, pp. 1-14, 2017.
M. Sandhu and T. Thakur, "Modified cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter for hybrid renewable energy applications," IETE Journal of Research, pp. 1-13, 2020.
M. H. Mondol, S. P. Biswas and M. K. Hosain, "A new magnetic linked three-phase multilevel inverter with reduced number of switches and balanced DC sources," Electrical Engineering, pp. 1-13, 2021.
S. M. Babu and B. L. Narasimharaju, "Single-phase boost DC-link integrated cascaded multilevel inverter for PV applications," IET Power Electronics, vol. 13, no. 10, pp. 2086-2095, 2020.