Impact of Fumigation Made with Crataeva religiosa Forts, Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. and Senna occidentalis L. on Callosobruchus Maculatus Fab.

Abstract

Comparing the effectiveness of certain plants fumigation (Crataeva religiosa Forts, Azadirachta indica L. and Senna occidentalis L.) on eggs and adults of Callosobruchus maculatus made us investigate in our study. The crushed leaves smoke substance of these plants have been applied to the external forms of this insect. For each of the plants we tested, the fumigation effect is gradual on the eggs. Thus, whatever the plant, the mortality of the eggs increases with the increase of the applied dose; But A. indica is found to be more effective on eggs than other plants. The adults of this species are more susceptible to the fumigation of crushed leaves of C. religiosa than to that of other plants. from 12 hours of impact all the doses (D1 (0.00364g/cm3), D2 (0.00728g/cm3), D3 (0.01456g/cm3) and D4 (0.02912g/cm3)) made of this plant, applied, induced 100% mortality whereas this effect was observed only on day 7 with S. occidentalis and day 11 of application with A. indica. The combined application of these plants fumigation would have a considerable impact on the protection of cowpea in the actual storage systems against the effect of C. maculatus.