An insight into the Role of Phase Factors in Gauge Theories

Abstract

The pedagogical introduction to abelian and non-abelian phase factors, gauge invariance, Aharonov–Bohm effectis presented. Parallel transport is studied as a function of the Phase factors and in Yang–Mills theory, itdetermines the field components. These components are the proper curvature in an internal color space and associated four potential is the connection.