Influence of Air pollution on Central Nervous System –An Overview

Abstract

Air pollution is a multifaceted environmental toxin capable of assaulting the CNS through diverse pathways. Air pollution is a complex mixture of environmental toxicants that assault the CNS through several cellular and molecular pathways to cause disease. Air pollution effects cross from the periphery to the brain through systemic inflammation, and translocation of nanoparticles to the brain, where both the physical characteristics of the particle itself and the toxic compounds adsorbed on the particle may cause damage. Air pollution has also been associated with diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), including stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Air pollution causes neuroin?ammation, oxidative stress, microglial activation, cerebrovascular dysfunction, and alterations in the blood-brain barrier contribute to CNS pathology. The central nervous system (CNS) is the target organ for the detrimental effects of airborne pollutants. Air pollutants such as gases (e.g., ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides), organic compounds (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and bacterial endotoxins), and toxic metals (e.g., vanadium, lead, nickel, copper, and manganese) that can be found in outdoor and indoorair affect the CNS. Air pollution is a global problem and has become one of the major issues of public health as well as climate and environmental protection. Heavy traffic causes Air pollution, those effects on CNS damage and that there is a clear link between air pollution and neurological diseases. Understanding of the mediators and mechanisms of CNS injury due to air pollution will help to develop preventive and treatment strategies for the protection of individuals at risk.