Enhancing Energy Efficiency in VLSI Circuits: Strategies for Dynamic Power Dissipation Reduction

Abstract

Dynamic power dissipation has historically been a major concern in VLSI circuits and systems, primarily resulting from changes in the output of logic gates. To address this issue, various techniques have been developed to reduce dynamic power consumption by targeting key parameters in the power consumption formula, including capacitance (C), supply voltage (V), clock frequency (f), and switching activity (?). This paper explores strategies such as clock gating, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS), and power leakage minimization to enhance energy efficiency in VLSI circuits. Clock gating involves disabling the clock signal to components or the entire system when they are not in use, significantly reducing unnecessary switching activity and saving power. DVFS is a method for conserving energy in battery-powered devices by adjusting voltage and clock frequency based on workload requirements. Power leakage minimization strategies, such as threshold voltage adjustment and power gating, are crucial to reduce leakage currents and enhance energy efficiency in modern semiconductor devices.