Energy-Efficient Strategies in Cloud Data Centers: A Review of Recent Advancements

Abstract

Cloud computing has grown exponentially both from an energy perspective and data centers consume more and more energy. It is an environment and economic issue. Recent developments and approaches that may be applied to enhance energy efficiency of clouds data center are also comprehensively discussed in this review. New developments in hardware including low-power processors, energy efficient storage, and modularity results to low energy usages with reasonable computation. Liquid and immersion cooling are new cooling techniques which have begun to solve the problem of thermal gross by attaining tremendous energy efficiencies. The subsequent improvements in resource usage and energy losses have been done by other software-based enabling techniques such as virtualization, dynamic resource mapping and AI-based predictive management. Other architectural solutions, such as modular data center and renewable energy systems have also improved operation sustainability. But performance is still to be coordinated with energy efficiency, scalability is the compound that is yet to be attained and last but not the least the cost hurdles also remain. The future trends including edge computing, AI and autonomous systems and quantum technologies that will drive the energy efficiency of data centers. New efficient and environmentally friendly infrastructures are already being introduced through corporate social responsibility, international objectives, and standards of the oil and gas industry. This paper provides a global outlook on opportunities, issues and trends that are likely to characterize energy effective cloud data centers in the future.